Die zu Windows kompatible Laufzeitumgebung und API-Nachbildung Wine, die zahlreiche Programme und Spiele, die für Windows konzipiert wurden, auch unter Unix basierenden Betriebssystemen wie Linux ausführbar macht, ist in der finalen Version 6.0 und mit Unterstützung für die freie Low-Level-API Vulkan 1.2 über WineD3D erschienen.
Wine 6.0 ist offiziell freigegeben
Nachdem Wine 5.0 mit mehr als 7.400 Anpassungen bereits im Januar des vergangenen Jahres erschienen ist und unter anderem auch Support für Vulkan 1.1 mitbrachte, haben die Entwickler der Laufzeitumgebung für POSIX-kompatible Betriebssysteme die Veröffentlichung von Wine 6.0 jetzt auf der Website des Projektes WineHQ bekanntgegeben und die Neuerungen der finalen Version vorgestellt.
Die insgesamt über 8.300 Anpassungen finden sich in folgenden Kernbereichen in Wine 6.0:
Major Changes
Core modules in PE format.
Vulkan backend for WineD3D.
DirectShow and Media Foundation support.
Text console redesign.
Im Detail wurden unter anderem die folgenden Anpassungen in den Bereichen Module, Direct3D, D3DX und Grafik vorgenommen:
PE modules
The core DLLs, including NTDLL, KERNEL32, GDI32, USER32, etc. are built in PE format. This should help a number of copy protection schemes that check that the DLL files on disk match the in-memory contents.
There is a new mechanism to associate a Unix library with a PE module, to make it possible to call Unix libraries from PE for the functions that can't be handled with Win32 APIs. These libraries are found by replacing the PE module file extension with .so, for instance ntdll.dll -> ntdll.so. They have to be located next to the PE file on disk.
Winelib modules no longer link against libwine.so, or require it at run-time. This is a backwards incompatible change, meaning that modules built with Wine 6.0 won't run on older Wine versions.
The libwine library is no longer used, but it's still provided to support running Winelib modules built against older versions. It is deprecated however, and will be removed in a future Wine release. Applications that explicitly call libwine functions will need to be changed to call equivalent Win32 or Unix APIs instead. As a consequence, the wine/library.h header has also been removed.
PE modules can be built with their debug information split to a separate file, to reduce the size of the files installed into the Wine prefix.
Direct3D
An experimental Vulkan renderer for WineD3D is implemented. This requires the vkd3d-shader library in order to translate Direct3D shaders to SPIR-V shaders. In this release, shader support in the Vulkan renderer is limited to shader model 4 and 5 shaders.
In practice, that limits its usefulness to Direct3D 10 and 11 applications. The Vulkan renderer can be enabled by setting the Direct3D "renderer" registry setting to "vulkan".
The following Direct3D 11 features are implemented:
Per render-target ("independent") blend states.
Dual-source blending.
Multi-sample anti-aliasing sample masks.
Several more capability queries.
Support for Direct3D 9 alpha-to-coverage multi-sampling is implemented.
When the EXT_framebuffer_multisample_blit_scaled OpenGL extension is available, scaled multi-sample resolve operations can happen as a single operation.
When the ARB_buffer_storage OpenGL extension is available, it will be used to allocate OpenGL buffer objects. This can result in minor performance improvements with some application and driver combinations.
The Direct3D graphics card database recognizes more graphics cards and the reported driver versions have been updated.
D3DX
Drawing text using the ID3DXFont interface is implemented.
The ID3D12ShaderReflection shader reflection interface is implemented.
The D3DX10GetImageInfoFromMemory() and related image information query functions are implemented.
Graphics
Drawing arcs, ellipses and rounded rectangles using the Direct2D API is implemented.
The standard sRGB color profile is installed into the prefix, for applications that expect to load it directly.
The Null display driver can be used as a proper display driver, for cases when a user interface is not needed.
WindowsCodecs supports decoding images in DDS (DirectDraw Surface) and JPEG-XR formats, as well as encoding images to GIF format.
The Vulkan driver creates the JSON manifest and registry entry used by the official Vulkan loader.
The Vulkan driver supports up to version 1.2.162 of the Vulkan spec.
There are a number of improvements in GdiPlus, including support for widening lines, more hatch styles, and more record types in metafiles.
Die vollständigen Release Notes lesen sich noch einmal bedeutend ausführlicher. Bevor Wine 6.0 sich in den Repositories der bekannten Distributionen wiederfindet, können die Binär-Dateien für Ubuntu, Debian und Fedora auch über die Website von WineHQ bezogen werden.
Wine 6.0 für Linux sowie die stabile Version 5.0 für macOS können wie gewohnt auch direkt unterhalb dieser Meldung aus dem Download-Archiv von ComputerBase heruntergeladen werden.
Die Redaktion dankt Community-Mitglied „Strikerking“ für seinen Hinweis, der zu dieser Meldung geführt hat.
